Soviet nuclear munitions in Czechoslovakia: 1965-1991

Abstract

Under a Czechoslovak-Soviet treaty signed in 1965, the rapidly developing missile forces and air force of the Czechoslovak People’s Army (Czech acronym and hereinafter ‘ČSLA’) were to be strengthened with the addition of nuclear munitions. These were to be used to support planned operations on the so-called Czechoslovak Front. Operation JAVOR consisted of the construction of three nuclear depots, which were manned by special units of the Soviet Army. A new agreement between the CSSR and the USSR was entered into in 1986, extending the existing conditions of storage. Fundamental changes were brought about in 1989 by the Velvet Revolution and the end of the Cold War.